Electric charge Electricity is the factor by which charge is generated in any object or substance. When a substance becomes electrostatic, the substance acquires charge. Therefore such a substance is called a charged substance. There are two types of electric charges. Those substances which accept charge have an excess of charge and those substances which … Read more

Rainbow            When sunlight enters a raindrop, it is refracted along its path, causing different wavelengths of white light. So the one with higher wavelength (red) bends the least while the one with lower wavelength (violet) bends the most. After this, these component rays hit the surface inside the drop and … Read more

 Refraction of light through a prism        In the prism, the angle of incidence on the first face AB is i and the angle of refraction is r1, while the angle of incidence on the second face AC is r2 and the angle of refraction or exit angle is e. The angle ∆ … Read more

Refraction by lens A transparent medium surrounded by two curved surfaces, one or both of whose surfaces are spherical, is called a lens. There are two types of lenses- 1. convex 2. concave Convex lens   The two spherical surfaces protruding outward in a lens are called convex lenses. Convex lens thicker in the middle … Read more

Reflection of light   When a traveling ray of light hits a reflective surface, it returns back to the same medium or gets reflected, then this phenomenon is called reflection of light. Law of reflection There are two laws of the reflection of light, 1. An angle of incidence is equal to angle of reflection. … Read more

Accuracy, Precision And Error Analysis         Accuracy All those observations taken by an instrument which are close to the actual value of a physical quantity are called actual values. That is, the accuracy of a measurement is the value that tells us how close the measured value of a quantity is to … Read more